Free tool · IRS migration data · Census population estimates
Where America moves
Every year, millions of tax returns quietly redraw the map. This tool traces them:
- yellow is people arriving
- blue is people moving out
States are shaded by their net flow in 2022–23. Click one to follow its movers, then drill into any metro.
The map couldn’t load. The numbers below still tell the story.
† IRS methodology change in this year’s files (see methodology)
The ten biggest moves of 2022–23
The largest state-to-state corridors in the newest IRS data. A "mover" here is a person (an exemption on a tax return) whose return was filed from a different state than the year before.
| Corridor | People |
|---|---|
| California → Texas | 82,481 |
| New York → New Jersey | 73,471 |
| New York → Florida | 71,476 |
| Florida → Georgia | 50,483 |
| California → Arizona | 47,885 |
| California → Nevada | 43,801 |
| Florida → Texas | 41,655 |
| Texas → California | 41,232 |
| Georgia → Florida | 40,689 |
| New Jersey → New York | 38,722 |
Download the full state-to-state matrix (CSV): every corridor, every year, with people, households, and income moved. Free to use with attribution.
US wealth migration: where the money moves
Movers take their incomes with them. In 2022–23, that added up to about $335B in reported income crossing state lines. Florida gained the most, a net +$20.6B. California lost the most (−$11.9B). Averages are per household (one tax return), and dollars are not adjusted for inflation.
| State | Net income flow | Avg arriving household | Avg leaving household |
|---|---|---|---|
| Florida | +$20.6B | $123k | $76k |
| Texas | +$5.5B | $84k | $80k |
| South Carolina | +$4.1B | $88k | $67k |
| North Carolina | +$3.9B | $80k | $74k |
| Arizona | +$2.8B | $87k | $76k |
| ⋯ | |||
| New Jersey | −$2.6B | $102k | $107k |
| Massachusetts | −$4.0B | $90k | $117k |
| Illinois | −$6.0B | $79k | $104k |
| New York | −$9.9B | $94k | $106k |
| California | −$11.9B | $96k | $102k |
Top five net gainers and bottom five net losers, 2022–23. Every state and metro page has its own wealth-migration numbers.
Explore every state
- Alabama +16,337
- Alaska −4,149
- Arizona +27,127
- Arkansas +11,211
- California −200,547
- Colorado +7,288
- Connecticut −4,767
- Delaware +7,803
- District of Columbia −2,568
- Florida +111,742
- Georgia +35,536
- Hawaii −6,825
- Idaho +12,739
- Illinois −54,182
- Indiana +4,837
- Iowa −1,467
- Kansas −4,048
- Kentucky +5,861
- Louisiana −17,333
- Maine +6,497
- Maryland −20,112
- Massachusetts −28,367
- Michigan −8,442
- Minnesota −7,561
- Mississippi −3,142
- Missouri +8,839
- Montana +5,332
- Nebraska −1,902
- Nevada +11,558
- New Hampshire +4,195
- New Jersey −29,871
- New Mexico −1,924
- New York −157,970
- North Carolina +69,108
- North Dakota −757
- Ohio −6,312
- Oklahoma +12,589
- Oregon −4,774
- Pennsylvania −14,880
- Rhode Island −1,068
- South Carolina +59,102
- South Dakota +2,412
- Tennessee +42,899
- Texas +112,481
- Utah +1,197
- Vermont +84
- Virginia −42
- Washington −29
- West Virginia +3,137
- Wisconsin +2,753
- Wyoming +375
About the data
Migration figures come from the IRS Statistics of Income migration files, which compare the filing address on each tax return year over year. It counts actual address changes, not searches, surveys, or one moving company's customers. Counts are exemptions (≈ people). National and state figures use the state-to-state files; metro corridors use the county files. The same files show the total income (AGI) movers reported, which is where the wealth-migration numbers come from. Those are income dollars, not net worth, and not adjusted for inflation.
Population, growth, and peak figures come from Census Bureau estimates and past censuses. A year like "2022–23" means returns filed in 2022 matched against 2023. The IRS runs about two years behind, and years marked † had a change in how the IRS built the files. Sources, the full math, and a suggested citation live on the methodology page.
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