Minnesota migration, mapped
In 2022–23, 84,839 people moved into Minnesota and 92,400 moved out, a net of −7,561. Drag the year slider to watch the trend, hover any state to see the corridor, or click through to explore it.
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† IRS methodology change in this year’s files (see methodology)
What the flows say
- Biggest corridors: Wisconsin leads both directions, with 11,869 people in and 12,172 out in 2022–23.
- Trend: net outflow has eased over the last three years, from −16,021 in 2020–21 to −7,561 in 2022–23†.
Population · 2025
5,830,405
▲ 0.6% year over year · growing
Peak population
5,830,405
highest in the series shown (since 1910)
Why the population is changing
- Growth driver: growth is led by international migration (+12,486); domestic migration added +8,300 in 2025.
- Peak population: the 2025 estimate of 5,830,405 is the highest on record, in data going back to 1910.
Net income flow · 2022–23
−$1.5B
▼ $3.8B arrived · $5.2B left
Avg household income · movers
$70k in · $89k out
leavers out-earn arrivals by 27%
Minnesota wealth migration
- Money moved: households moving into Minnesota in 2022–23 reported $3.8B in income (AGI). Households leaving took $5.2B with them, a net loss of $1.5B.
- Income gap: the average household moving in reported $70k of income, vs $89k for leavers. Leavers out-earn arrivals by 27%.
Drill into a metro
IRS data goes deeper than states. Pick a metro to see its own corridors.
About the data
Migration figures come from the official IRS state-to-state files (exemptions ≈ people). Population figures are Census Bureau estimates, and the peak checks every census back to 1910. Income figures are the total income (AGI) movers reported in the same IRS files. Dollars are not adjusted for inflation, and household averages divide by the number of returns. Years marked † had a change in how the IRS built the files. Full details, caveats, and a suggested citation on the methodology page.
Download this data (CSV), free to use with attribution.
Every year, thousands of people move to Minnesota
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